Abstract

A significant part of research on Thyroid Cancer (TC) incidence changes after nuclear disasters concerns mainly the dose effects on this oncopathology, as well as radiation epidemiology. Meanwhile, the features of this disease like gender characteristics of the stages and histological forms of cancer are of particular interest. The incidence and risks of various stages and forms of TC were analyzed in the present study. The analysis was carried out according to the data from the Belarusian Cancer Register. The control group of patients was taken from the Lepel and Chashniky districts of the Vitebsk region, which was not contaminated with iodine isotopes. In the territories contaminated after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, cancer diagnostics took place mainly at the T1 stage, but in relatively "clean" regions of the republic – at T3 stage. In the population of the contaminated areas, the incidence was 2.5 – 3 times higher. In the age group 0 – 4 years at the moment of the accident, TC in women was more often detected at the T1 stage, while in men it was more often detected at T2.